Coronavirus effect on Africa
CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA—Late on Sunday evening, South African President
Cyril Ramaphosa, in a televised address to the nation, declared that COVID-19,
the respiratory disease spreading globally, had become a “national disaster.”
The declaration allows his government to access special funding and instigate
harsh regulations to combat the viral outbreak. “Never before in the history of
our democracy have we been confronted by such a severe situation,” Ramaphosa
said before announcing a raft of measures to curb the virus’ spread,
including school closures, travel restrictions, and bans on large gatherings.
Coronavirus effect
on Africa
So far, the
official numbers seemed to suggest that sub-Saharan Africa, home to more
than 1 billion people, had been lucky. The interactive map of reported
COVID-19 cases run by Johns Hopkins University shows big red blobs almost
everywhere—except sub-Saharan Africa. Africa News
But now the numbers
are rising quickly. South Africa, which had its first case 10 days ago, now has
61.
According to
Ramaphosa, the virus has begun spreading inside the country. And just
yesterday, Rwanda, Equatorial Guinea, and Namibia all reported their first
cases, bringing the number of affected countries to 23. Some scientists believe
COVID-19 is circulating silently in other countries as well. “My concern is
that we have this ticking time bomb,” says Bruce Bassett, a data scientist
at the University of Cape Town who has been tracking COVID-19 data since
January. Africa Medical News
Africa’s handling
of the pandemic has received scant global attention so far, experts worry the
the virus may ravage countries with weak health systems and a population
disproportionately affected by HIV, tuberculosis (TB), and other infectious
diseases. “Social distancing” will be hard to do in the continent’s overcrowded
cities and slums.
“We really have no
idea how COVID-19 will behave in Africa,” says pediatrician and HIV researcher
Glenda Gray, president of the South African Medical Research Council. Last
month, the World Health Organization Director-General Tedros Adhanom
Ghebreyesus, who is Ethiopian, said his “biggest concern” was COVID-19
spreading in countries with weak health systems.
Sub-Saharan Africa
detected its first case only on 27 February, in An Italian man who had
traveled to Nigeria. Most other cases since then were imported from
Europe; fewer came from the Americas and Asia. But until today, there were no
examples of community spread.
Screening
passengers
That’s not simply
because of a lack of testing. More than 40 countries in Africa now have the
ability to test for COVID-19, up from only two during the early stages of the
outbreak in China. But the focus of African COVID-19 surveillance has been at
countries’ points of entry, and testing has targeted people with a recent
travel history to outbreak areas abroad. However, screening passengers for
fever has shown to be largely Africa Distribution Service
ineffective, because it doesn’t catch people still in their incubation phase—up
to 14 days for COVID-19. It also won’t detect cases that occur in African
communities. “I do think that cases are slipping through the net. There is an
urgent need to investigate and address this point,” says Francine Ntoumi, a
parasitologist and public health expert at Marien Ngouabi University in the Republic
of Congo. Africa Business News
For More Information
Sciencemag.org
For More Information
Sciencemag.org
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